![]() ![]() ![]() Scientists have evidence that global warming should increase CAPE by warming the surface and putting more moisture in the air through evaporation. “CAPE can provide storms with the raw fuel to produce rain and hail, and vertical wind shear can pull and twist weak storms into strong, windy ones,” explained Harold Brooks, a meteorologist at NOAA’s National Severe Storms Laboratory. Wind shear is a measure of how the speed and direction of winds change with altitude. CAPE is a measure of how much raw energy is available for storms it relates to how warm, moist, and buoyant air is in a given area. Severe thunderstorms are defined as having sustained winds above 93 kilometers (58 miles) per hour or unusually large hail, and there are two key factors that fuel their formation: convective available potential energy (CAPE) and strong wind shear. Though thunderstorms are familiar and seemingly non-threatening, severe thunderstorms can lead to dangerous supercells, derechos, and tornadoes. ![]()
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